Bump python to >=3.12 (#11846)

### What problem does this PR solve?

Bump python to >=3.12

### Type of change

- [x] Refactoring

Dockerfile

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # base stage
-FROM ubuntu:22.04 AS base
+FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS base
 USER root
 SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
 
@@ -33,16 +33,16 @@ ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 # selenium:      libatk-bridge2.0-0                       chrome-linux64-121-0-6167-85
 # Building C extensions: libpython3-dev libgtk-4-1 libnss3 xdg-utils libgbm-dev
 RUN --mount=type=cache,id=ragflow_apt,target=/var/cache/apt,sharing=locked \
+    apt update && \
+    apt --no-install-recommends install -y ca-certificates; \
     if [ "$NEED_MIRROR" == "1" ]; then \
-        sed -i 's|http://ports.ubuntu.com|http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn|g' /etc/apt/sources.list; \
-        sed -i 's|http://archive.ubuntu.com|http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn|g' /etc/apt/sources.list; \
+        sed -i 's|http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources; \
+        sed -i 's|http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources; \
     fi; \
     rm -f /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean && \
     echo 'Binary::apt::APT::Keep-Downloaded-Packages "true";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/keep-cache && \
     chmod 1777 /tmp && \
     apt update && \
-    apt --no-install-recommends install -y ca-certificates && \
-    apt update && \
     apt install -y libglib2.0-0 libglx-mesa0 libgl1 && \
     apt install -y pkg-config libicu-dev libgdiplus && \
     apt install -y default-jdk && \
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ RUN --mount=type=cache,id=ragflow_uv,target=/root/.cache/uv,sharing=locked \
     else \
         sed -i 's|pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn|pypi.org|g' uv.lock; \
     fi; \
-    uv sync --python 3.11 --frozen
+    uv sync --python 3.12 --frozen
 
 COPY web web
 COPY docs docs