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</li></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class="docMainContainer_TBSr"><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="Breadcrumbs"><ul class="breadcrumbs"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="Home page" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Develop</span></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Storage and memory</span></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Manage memory</span></li></ul></nav><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Memory management options</h1></header><style>[data-ch-theme="github-dark"] { --ch-t-colorScheme: dark;--ch-t-foreground: #c9d1d9;--ch-t-background: #0d1117;--ch-t-lighter-inlineBackground: #0d1117e6;--ch-t-editor-background: #0d1117;--ch-t-editor-foreground: #c9d1d9;--ch-t-editor-lineHighlightBackground: #6e76811a;--ch-t-editor-rangeHighlightBackground: #ffffff0b;--ch-t-editor-infoForeground: #3794FF;--ch-t-editor-selectionBackground: #264F78;--ch-t-focusBorder: #1f6feb;--ch-t-tab-activeBackground: #0d1117;--ch-t-tab-activeForeground: #c9d1d9;--ch-t-tab-inactiveBackground: #010409;--ch-t-tab-inactiveForeground: #8b949e;--ch-t-tab-border: #30363d;--ch-t-tab-activeBorder: #0d1117;--ch-t-editorGroup-border: #30363d;--ch-t-editorGroupHeader-tabsBackground: #010409;--ch-t-editorLineNumber-foreground: #6e7681;--ch-t-input-background: #0d1117;--ch-t-input-foreground: #c9d1d9;--ch-t-input-border: #30363d;--ch-t-icon-foreground: #8b949e;--ch-t-sideBar-background: #010409;--ch-t-sideBar-foreground: #c9d1d9;--ch-t-sideBar-border: #30363d;--ch-t-list-activeSelectionBackground: #6e768166;--ch-t-list-activeSelectionForeground: #c9d1d9;--ch-t-list-hoverBackground: #6e76811a;--ch-t-list-hoverForeground: #c9d1d9; }</style>
|
||
<p>Langflow provides flexible memory management options for storage and retrieval of data relevant to your flows and your Langflow server.
|
||
This includes essential Langflow database tables, file management, and caching, as well as chat memory.</p>
|
||
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="storage-options-and-paths">Storage options and paths<a href="#storage-options-and-paths" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Storage options and paths" title="Direct link to Storage options and paths"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>Langflow supports both local memory and external memory options.</p>
|
||
<p>Langflow's default storage option is a <a href="https://www.sqlite.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SQLite</a> database.
|
||
The default storage path depends on your operating system and installation method:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Langflow Desktop</strong>:<!-- -->
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>macOS</strong>: <code>/Users/<username>/.langflow/data/database.db</code></li>
|
||
<li><strong>Windows</strong>: <code>C:\Users\<name>\AppData\Roaming\com.Langflow\data\langflow.db</code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Langflow OSS</strong>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>macOS/Windows/Linux/WSL with <code>uv pip install</code></strong>: <code><path_to_venv>/lib/python3.12/site-packages/langflow/langflow.db</code> (Python version can vary. Database isn't shared between virtual environments because it is tied to the venv path.)</li>
|
||
<li><strong>macOS/Windows/Linux/WSL with <code>git clone</code></strong>: <code><path_to_clone>/src/backend/base/langflow/langflow.db</code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Langflow offers a few alternatives to the default database path:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>Config directory</strong>: Set <code>LANGFLOW_SAVE_DB_IN_CONFIG_DIR=True</code> to store the database in your Langflow config directory as set in <a href="/logging"><code>LANGFLOW_CONFIG_DIR</code></a>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>External PostgreSQL database</strong>: You can use an external PostgreSQL database for all of your Langflow storage.
|
||
For more information, see <a href="#configure-external-memory">Configure external memory</a></p>
|
||
<p>External storage can be useful if you want to preserve the data after uninstalling Langflow or to share the same database between multiple virtual environments.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>Separate chat memory</strong>: You can selectively use external storage for chat memory only, separate from other Langflow storage.
|
||
For more information, see <a href="#store-chat-memory">Store chat memory</a>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>No database</strong>: To disable all database operations and run a no-op session, set <code>LANGFLOW_USE_NOOP_DATABASE=True</code> in your <a href="/environment-variables">Langflow environment variables</a>.
|
||
This is useful for testing when you don't want to persist any data.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="langflow-database-tables">Langflow database tables<a href="#langflow-database-tables" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Langflow database tables" title="Direct link to Langflow database tables"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>The following tables are stored in <code>langflow.db</code>:</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>ApiKey</strong>: Manages Langflow API authentication keys. Component API keys are stored in the <strong>Variables</strong> table. For more information, see <a href="/api-keys-and-authentication">API keys and authentication</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>File</strong>: Stores metadata for files uploaded to Langflow's file management system, including file names, paths, sizes, and storage providers. For more information, see <a href="/concepts-file-management">Manage files</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>Flow</strong>: Contains flow definitions, including nodes, edges, and components, stored as JSON or database records. For more information, see <a href="/concepts-flows">Build flows</a>.</p>
|
||
<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip admonition_xJq3 alert alert--success"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>To automatically remove API keys and tokens from flow data before saving a flow to the database, set <code>LANGFLOW_REMOVE_API_KEYS=True</code> in your <a href="/environment-variables">Langflow environment variables</a>.
|
||
When <code>true</code>, any field marked as a password field that <em>also</em> has <code>api</code>, <code>key</code>, or <code>token</code> in its name is set to <code>null</code> before the flow is saved.
|
||
This helps prevent credentials from being stored in the database.</p></div></div>
|
||
<p>• <strong>Folder</strong>: Provides a structure for flow storage, including single-user folders and shared folders accessed by multiple users. For more information, see <a href="/concepts-flows#projects">Manage flows in projects</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>Message</strong>: Stores chat messages and interactions that occur between components. For more information, see <a href="/data-types#message">Message objects</a> and <a href="#store-chat-memory">Store chat memory</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>Transactions</strong>: Records execution history and results of flow runs. This information is used for <a href="/logging">logging</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>User</strong>: Stores user account information including credentials, permissions, profiles, and user management settings. For more information, see <a href="/api-keys-and-authentication">API keys and authentication</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>Variables</strong>: Stores global encrypted values and credentials. For more information, see <a href="/configuration-global-variables">Global variables</a> and <a href="/api-keys-and-authentication#component-api-keys">Component API keys</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>• <strong>VertexBuild</strong>: Tracks the build status of individual nodes within flows. For more information, see <a href="/concepts-playground">Test flows in the Playground</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>For more information, see the database models in the <a href="https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/tree/main/src/backend/base/langflow/services/database/models" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">source code</a>.</p>
|
||
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="configure-external-memory">Configure external memory<a href="#configure-external-memory" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Configure external memory" title="Direct link to Configure external memory"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>To replace the default Langflow SQLite database with another database, set the <code>LANGFLOW_DATABASE_URL</code> environment variable to your database URL, and then start Langflow with your <code>.env</code> file.
|
||
For more information and examples, see <a href="/configuration-custom-database">Configure an external PostgreSQL database</a>.</p>
|
||
<div class="ch-codeblock not-prose" data-ch-theme="github-dark"><div class="ch-code-wrapper ch-code" data-ch-measured="false"><code class="ch-code-scroll-parent"><br><div><span class="ch-code-line-number">_<!-- -->10</span><div style="display:inline-block;margin-left:16px"><span>LANGFLOW_DATABASE_URL=postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/langflow</span></div></div><br></code></div></div>
|
||
<p>To fine-tune your database connection pool and timeout settings, you can set the following additional environment variables:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><code>LANGFLOW_DATABASE_CONNECTION_RETRY</code>: Whether to retry lost connections to your Langflow database. If <code>true</code>, Langflow tries to connect to the database again if the connection fails. Default: <code>false</code>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><code>LANGFLOW_DB_CONNECT_TIMEOUT</code>: The number of seconds to wait before giving up on a lock to be released or establishing a connection to the database. This may be separate from the <code>pool_timeout</code> in <code>LANGFLOW_DB_CONNECTION_SETTINGS</code>. Default: 30.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><code>LANGFLOW_DB_CONNECTION_SETTINGS</code>: A a JSON dictionary containing the following database connection pool settings:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>pool_size</code>: The base number of connections to keep open in the connection pool. Default: 20.</li>
|
||
<li><code>max_overflow</code>: Maximum number of connections that can be created in excess of <code>pool_size</code> if needed. Default: 30.</li>
|
||
<li><code>pool_timeout</code>: Number of seconds to wait for a connection from the pool before timing out. Default: 30.</li>
|
||
<li><code>pool_pre_ping</code>: If <code>true</code>, the pool tests connections for liveness upon each checkout. Default: <code>true</code>.</li>
|
||
<li><code>pool_recycle</code>: Number of seconds after which a connection is automatically recycled. Default: 1800 (30 minutes).</li>
|
||
<li><code>echo</code>: If <code>true</code>, SQL queries are logged for debugging purposes. Default: <code>false</code>.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>For example:</p>
|
||
<div class="ch-codeblock not-prose" data-ch-theme="github-dark"><div class="ch-code-wrapper ch-code" data-ch-measured="false"><code class="ch-code-scroll-parent"><br><div><span class="ch-code-line-number">_<!-- -->10</span><div style="display:inline-block;margin-left:16px"><span>LANGFLOW_DB_CONNECTION_SETTINGS='{"pool_size": 20, "max_overflow": 30, "pool_timeout": 30, "pool_pre_ping": true, "pool_recycle": 1800, "echo": false}'</span></div></div><br></code></div></div>
|
||
<p>Don't use the deprecated environment variables <code>LANGFLOW_DB_POOL_SIZE</code> or <code>LANGFLOW_DB_MAX_OVERFLOW</code>.
|
||
Instead, use <code>pool_size</code> and <code>max_overflow</code> in <code>LANGFLOW_DB_CONNECTION_SETTINGS</code>.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="configure-cache-memory">Configure cache memory<a href="#configure-cache-memory" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Configure cache memory" title="Direct link to Configure cache memory"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>The default Langflow caching behavior is an asynchronous, in-memory cache:</p>
|
||
<div class="ch-codeblock not-prose" data-ch-theme="github-dark"><div class="ch-code-wrapper ch-code" data-ch-measured="false"><code class="ch-code-scroll-parent"><br><div><span class="ch-code-line-number">_<!-- -->10</span><div style="display:inline-block;margin-left:16px"><span>LANGFLOW_LANGCHAIN_CACHE=InMemoryCache</span></div></div><div><span class="ch-code-line-number">_<!-- -->10</span><div style="display:inline-block;margin-left:16px"><span>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE=async</span></div></div><br></code></div></div>
|
||
<p>Langflow officially supports only the default asynchronous, in-memory cache, which is suitable for most use cases.
|
||
Other cache options, such as Redis, are experimental and can change without notice.
|
||
If you want to use a non-default cache setting, you can use the following environment variables:</p>
|
||
<table><thead><tr><th>Variable</th><th>Type</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE</code></td><td>String</td><td><code>async</code></td><td>Set the cache type for Langflow's internal caching system. Possible values: <code>async</code>, <code>redis</code>, <code>memory</code>, <code>disk</code>. If you set the type to <code>redis</code>, then you must also set the <code>LANGFLOW_REDIS_*</code> environment variables.</td></tr><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_LANGCHAIN_CACHE</code></td><td>String</td><td><code>InMemoryCache</code></td><td>Set the cache storage type for the LangChain caching system (a Langflow dependency), either <code>InMemoryCache</code> or <code>SQLiteCache</code>.</td></tr><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_REDIS_HOST</code></td><td>String</td><td><code>localhost</code></td><td>Redis server hostname if <code>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE=redis</code>.</td></tr><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_REDIS_PORT</code></td><td>Integer</td><td><code>6379</code></td><td>Redis server port if <code>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE=redis</code>.</td></tr><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_REDIS_DB</code></td><td>Integer</td><td><code>0</code></td><td>Redis database number if <code>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE=redis</code>.</td></tr><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_REDIS_CACHE_EXPIRE</code></td><td>Integer</td><td><code>3600</code></td><td>Cache expiration time in seconds if <code>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE=redis</code>.</td></tr><tr><td><code>LANGFLOW_REDIS_PASSWORD</code></td><td>String</td><td>Not set</td><td>Optional password for Redis authentication if <code>LANGFLOW_CACHE_TYPE=redis</code>.</td></tr></tbody></table>
|
||
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="store-chat-memory">Store chat memory<a href="#store-chat-memory" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Store chat memory" title="Direct link to Store chat memory"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>Chat-based flows with a <strong>Chat Input</strong> or <strong>Chat Output</strong> component produce chat history that is stored in the Langflow <code>messages</code> table.
|
||
At minimum, this serves as a chat log, but it isn't functionally the same as chat memory that provides historical context to an LLM.</p>
|
||
<p>To store and retrieve chat memories in flows, you can use a <strong>Message History</strong> component or the <strong>Agent</strong> component's built-in chat memory.</p>
|
||
<details class="details_lb9f alert alert--info details_b_Ee" data-collapsed="true"><summary>How does chat memory work?</summary><div><div class="collapsibleContent_i85q"><p>Chat memory is a cache for an LLM or agent to preserve past conversations to retain and reference that context in future interactions.
|
||
For example, if a user has already told the LLM their name, the LLM can retrieve that information from chat memory rather than asking the user to repeat themselves in future conversations or messages.</p><p>Chat memory is distinct from vector store memory because it is built specifically for storing and retrieving chat messages from databases.</p><p>Components that support chat memory (such as the <strong>Agent</strong> and <strong>Message History</strong> components) provide access to their respective databases <em>as memory</em>.
|
||
Retrieval as memory is an important distinction for LLMs and agents because this storage and retrieval mechanism is specifically designed to recall context from past conversations.
|
||
Unlike vector stores, which are designed for semantic search and retrieval of text chunks, chat memory is designed to store and retrieve chat messages in a way that is optimized for conversation history.</p></div></div></details>
|
||
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="session-id-and-chat-memory">Session ID and chat memory<a href="#session-id-and-chat-memory" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Session ID and chat memory" title="Direct link to Session ID and chat memory"></a></h3>
|
||
<p>Chat history and memories are grouped by <a href="/session-id">session ID (<code>session_id</code>)</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>The default session ID is the flow ID, which means that all chat messages for a flow are stored under the same session ID as one large chat session.</p>
|
||
<p>For better segregation of chat memory, especially in flows used by multiple users, consider using custom session IDs.
|
||
For example, if you use user IDs as session IDs, then each user's chat history is stored separately, isolating the context of their chats from other users' chats.</p>
|
||
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="chat-memory-options">Chat memory options<a href="#chat-memory-options" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Chat memory options" title="Direct link to Chat memory options"></a></h3>
|
||
<p>Where and how chat memory is stored depends on the components used in your flow:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>Agent component</strong>: This component has built-in chat memory that is enabled by default.
|
||
This memory allows the agent to retrieve and reference messages from previous conversations associated with the same session ID.
|
||
All messages are stored in <a href="#storage-options-and-paths">Langflow storage</a>, and the component provides minimal memory configuration options, such as the number of messages to retrieve.</p>
|
||
<p>The <strong>Agent</strong> component's built-in chat memory is sufficient for most use cases.</p>
|
||
<p>If you want to use external chat memory storage, retrieve memories outside the context of a chat, or use chat memory with a language model component (not an agent), you must use the <strong>Message History</strong> component (with or without a third-party chat memory component).</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>Message History component</strong>: By default, this component stores and retrieves memories from Langflow storage, unless you attach a third-party chat memory component. It provides a few more options for sorting and filtering memories, although most of these options are also built-in to the <strong>Agent</strong> component as configurable or fixed parameters.</p>
|
||
<p>You can use the <strong>Message History</strong> component with or without a language model or agent.
|
||
For example, if you need to retrieve data from memories outside of chat, you can use the <strong>Message History</strong> component to fetch that data directly from your chat memory database without feeding it into a chat.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><strong>Third-party chat memory components</strong>: Use one of these components only if you need to store or retrieve chat memories from a dedicated external chat memory database.
|
||
Typically, this is necessary only if you have specific storage needs that aren't met by Langflow storage.
|
||
For example, if you want to manage chat memory data by directly working with the database, or if you want to use a different database than the default Langflow storage.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>For more information and examples, see <a href="/components-helpers#message-history"><strong>Message History</strong> component</a> and <a href="/agents#agent-memory">Agent memory</a>.</p>
|
||
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="see-also">See also<a href="#see-also" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to See also" title="Direct link to See also"></a></h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="/concepts-file-management">Langflow file management</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/logging">Langflow logs</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/environment-variables">Langflow environment variables</a></li>
|
||
</ul></div></article><nav class="docusaurus-mt-lg pagination-nav" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/concepts-file-management"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Manage files</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/session-id"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Use Session IDs</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#storage-options-and-paths" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Storage options and paths</a></li><li><a href="#langflow-database-tables" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Langflow database tables</a></li><li><a href="#configure-external-memory" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Configure external memory</a></li><li><a href="#configure-cache-memory" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Configure cache memory</a></li><li><a href="#store-chat-memory" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Store chat memory</a><ul><li><a href="#session-id-and-chat-memory" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Session ID and chat memory</a></li><li><a href="#chat-memory-options" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Chat memory options</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#see-also" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">See also</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div></div><footer class="theme-layout-footer footer"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="theme-layout-footer-column col footer__col"><div class="footer__title"></div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><div class="footer-links">
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|
||
</html> |